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But how hypoxemia reacts to oxygen therapy is different based on whether the patient has a shunt or dead space.
Dead space vs shunt. A true shunt shifts the curve downward whereas venous admixture low v q shifts the curve rightward. Ciliated epithelium transports mucus bacteria and dust towards the throat where it is either swallowed or expelled through the mouth. The main difference between the shunt and dead space is that shunt is the pathological condition in which the alveoli are perfused but not ventilated whereas dead space is the physiological condition in which the alveoli are ventilated but not perfused. The shunt fraction is the percentage of blood put out by the heart that is not completely oxygenated.
It will help you understand how you can use these concepts to care for your patient. Shunt versus dead space variations in the distribution of ventilation in conjunction with distribution of perfusion can run the gamut of perfusion without ventilation known as physiologic dead space to anatomic shunt blood bypasses the lungs and directly enters the systemic circulation. In pathological conditions such as pulmonary contusion the shunt fraction is significantly greater and even breathing 100 oxygen does not fully oxygenate the blood. The two problems associated with a vq mismatch.
Distinguishing between true shunt and reduced v q can also be performed noninvasively by simultaneously plotting sao2 versus fio2. Presurgical functional mappingandrew c. The difference in pathophysiology between a shunt and dead space is essentially why oxygen therapy works wonders in some patients but has a minimal effect on others. This article will describe how dead space is different from shunt.
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